Caslon Language Education Wikimedia (C)

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Caslon Language Education Index

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

calco (calque)

Canadian immersion programs

Castañeda v. Pickard

choral reading

circular discourse pattern

circumstantial bilingualism

Civil Rights Act (1974)

code-switching

cognates

cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP)

  • A term coined by Jim Cummins that refers to the type of language proficiency that is required to achieve academically. CALP is both context reduced (there is little support in the learning context to facilitate understanding) and cognitively demanding (the concepts are challenging for the learner to grasp). Research has shown that it can take four to nine years to acquire CALP (see BICS). Teaching Adolescent English Language Learners by Nancy Cloud, Judah Lakin, Erin Leininger, Laura Maxwell

collaborative reading

collaborative writing

common measures

common underlying proficiency (CUP)

communicative competence

communicative function

  • The purposes for which language is used. Includes three broad functions: communication (the transmission of information), integration (expression of affiliation and belonging to a particular social group), and expression (the display of individual feelings, ideas, and personality). Examples include asking for or giving information, describing past actions, expressing feelings, and expressing regret. Teaching Adolescent English Language Learners by Nancy Cloud, Judah Lakin, Erin Leininger, Laura Maxwell

community-based language schools

concept attainment

  • Instructional strategy in which students are provided with a series of appropriate and inappropriate examples of a new concept. Students analyze these appropriate and inappropriate examples to formulate a definition of the concept (Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin, 1956). Teaching for Biliteracy by Karen Beeman and Cheryl Urow

concurrent translation

connecting language environments

content allocation

content-area journal

contextual information

continua of biliteracy model

contrastive analysis

conversational fluency/conversational language proficiency

corpus planning

criterion-referenced measures

cross-language connections

  • The ability to use one language to analyze and understand a second language. Cross-language connections enable children to develop metacognitive abilities and knowledge about their two languages and how they are the same and different. Cross-language connections are bidirectional. This project uses two types of cross language connections. The first cross-language connection refers to specific methods that the model has adapted from Mexico and modified for use in U.S. English/Spanish literacy programs. The second focuses on teaching children the metacognitive linguistic skills of cross-language expression in reading and writing. Biliteracy from the Start by Kathy Escamilla, Susan Hopewell, Sandra Butvilofsky, Wendy Sparrow, Lucinda Soltero-González, Olivia Ruiz-Figueroa, and Manuel Escamilla

cross-linguistic transfer

cultural bias

cultural distance

culture shock