Difference between revisions of "Caslon Language Education Wikimedia (V)"

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The extent to which assessment measures and data generated from them are appropriate for and support the decisions made about students and educational programs; the match between a test and its stated purpose. Assessment and Accountability in Language Education Programs by Margo Gottlieb and Diep Nguyen

The accuracy of a test or assessment in measuring what it purports to measure. Foundations for Teaching English Language Learners, second edition by Wayne E. Wright

The use of high-stakes test results to calculate student academic growth over time. VAMs are often (mis)used in teacher evaluation systems. Foundations for Teaching English Language Learners, second edition by Wayne E. Wright

A more advantageous method for evaluating teacher effectiveness. This improvement is mainly because VAMs examine teachers’ contributions in terms of growth, that is, they compare their students’ scores in a given year to the scores of those same students in previous school years and to the scores of other students in the same grade level (Hanushek & Rivkin, 2010). From 6.10 (Cook and Castro) in Common Core, Bilingual and English Language Learners edited by Guadalupe Valdés, Kate Menken, and Mariana Castro

Languages used for daily communication among people in a particular community. Foundations for Multilingualism in Education by Ester de Jong

Building the expertise of ESL educators. A regularly scheduled meeting at the building and/or district level offers opportunities for ESL teachers to continually improve and where their confidence and security are affirmed (Arkoudis, 2006; Creese, 2002). From 6.2 (Morita-Mullaney) in Common Core, Bilingual and English Language Learners edited by Guadalupe Valdés, Kate Menken, and Mariana Castro

Acquisition context in which becoming bilingual is a choice rather than a necessity (also elective bilingualism; elite bilingualism). Foundations for Multilingualism in Education by Ester de Jong

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 ==vernacular languages==
 * Languages used for daily communication among people in a particular community. [http://caslonpublishing.com/titles/7/foundations-multilingualism-education-principles-p/ <i>Foundations for Multilingualism in Education</i>] by [https://www.caslonpublishing.com/titles/7/foundations-multilingualism-education-principles-p/authors/  Ester de Jong]
+==vertical coherence==
+* Building the expertise of ESL educators. A regularly scheduled meeting at the building and/or district level offers opportunities for ESL teachers to continually improve and where their confidence and security are affirmed (Arkoudis, 2006; Creese, 2002). From 6.2 (Morita-Mullaney) in [https://www.caslonpublishing.com/titles/19/common-core-english-language-learners-and-equity/ <i>Common Core, Bilingual and English Language Learners</i>] edited by [https://www.caslonpublishing.com/titles/19/common-core-english-language-learners-and-equity/authors/ Guadalupe Valdés, Kate Menken, and Mariana Castro]
 ==vocabulary==